Commodities
PrimaryCopper, Iron, Iron, Pig Iron
SecondarySulfur-Pyrite, Silver
TertiaryCobalt, Nickel
Commodity typeM
Deposit
Model91: Massive sulfide, Besshi (Japanese deposits)
Deposit sizeS
WorkingsSurface/Underground
Orebody formFOLDED LENS
Materials
Ore mineralsChalcocite, Chalcopyrite, Covellite, Limonite, Pyrite, Pyrrhotite
GangueBiotite, Feldspar, Garnet, Quartz
Geology
Host rockGneiss · Lynchburg Formation
StructureBlue Ridge Anticlinorium, Foliation Strikes N 15-25 Deg E And Dips 35-50 Deg Se.
Tectonic settingOrogen
Economic & production
Development statusPast Producer
First production1800
Discovery year1800
Identification
Deposit ID10068221
MRDS IDW001171
Alternate namesToncray Mine, Toncrae-Howard Mine
RegionNA
Data scoreB
Coordinates36.83007, -80.37562
References
DIETRICH, R V, 1959, GEOLOGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES OF FLOYD COUNTY OF THE BLUE RIDGE UPLAND, SOUTHWESTERN VIRGINIA: VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE BULLETIN, ENGINEERING EXPERIMENT STATION SERIES NO 134, 160 P.ESPENSHADE, G H, 1963, GEOLOGY OF SOME COPPER DEPOSITS IN NORTH CAROLINA, VIRGINIA, AND ALABAMA: U S GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1142-I, 50 P.SWEET, P C AND BELL, S C, 1980, METALLIC MINERALIZATION IN THE BLUE RIDGE PROVINCE OF VIRGINIA: VIRGINIA DIVISION OF MINERAL RESOURCES, IN PREPARATION.GROSH, W.A., 1948, INVESTIGATION OF THE TONCRAE-HOWARD COPPER DEPOSITS, FLOYD COUNTY, VA: U.S. BUREAU OF MINES REPORT OF INVESTIGATION 4362, 4 P.1800? DIREXPL MINING OF GOSSAN FOR IRON UNTIL ABOUT 1850, FOLLOWED BY MINING OF SMUT ORE FOR CU, 1854-1855.1905 DIREXPL NEW YORK AND VIRGINIA COPPER CO.: DEVELOPMENT OF PRIMARY SULFIDES UNTIL 1908.1938 DIREXPL AMERICAN METALS CO: DRILLING AND SELECTIVE MINING UNTIL 1941.ESPENSHADE (1963), SWEET AND BELL (1979)UNPUBLISHED REPORT BY R.J. WRIGHT, 1943, USGS