Geology
Host rockTrachyte,Andesite,Rhyolite,Tuff,Volcanic Breccia (Agglomerate),Sedimentary Rock · "Mizpah Trachyte", "Tonopah Formation", "West End Rhyolite"
Associated rockRhyolite · "Extension Breccia", "Sandgrass Andesite", "Esmeralda Formation"
StructureMajor structures include the Halifax Fault Zone (N-S) and the Tonopah Fault. The youngest group strike NE, NW, and N-S, dipping W., The Tonopah fault, the N-S-trending Halifax Fault Zone, the Merton fault, and the Monarch-Pittsburg fault.
AlterationDominant alteration types affecting volcanic host rocks are silicification, sericitization, argillization and kaolinization . Andesite has been altered to chlorite and calcite. Rhyolite has been altered to chlorite, calcite, pyrite, quartz, sericite, and siderite.
References
Kral, V E, 1951, Mineral Resources of Nye Co., Nev,: Nev. Univ. Bull. v. 45, no. 3, Geology and Mining Series, No. 50, p. 171Lincoln, F. C. 1923, Mining Districts and Mineral Resources of Nevada; Reno, Nev. Newsletter Pub. Co., p. 186Nolan, T. B. 1935, The Underground Geology of the Tonopah Mining Dist. Nev; Nev. Univ. Bull., v. 29 no. 5, p. 13Koschmann and Bergendahl, 1968, Gold Districts of the U.S.; USGS Prof. Paper 610, p.4.Balliet, L. W, 1914, The Geology of Tonopah, Nev.: Mining and Engineering World, vol 40, p. 837-841.Locke, A, 1912, The Geology of the Tonopah Mining Dist.: Bull. Aime vol. 62, p. 217-226.Spurr, J E, 1903, The Ore Deposits of Tonopah, Nev: USGS Bull. 219.Spurr, J E, 1904, The Ore Deposits Of Tonopah, Nev.: USGS Bull. 225 P. 88-110.Spurr, J E, 1905, Geology of the Tonopah Mining Dist., Nev.; USGS Prof. Paper 42Bailey, E. H., U S Geol. Survey, Personal FilesBailey and Phoenix, 1944, Quicksilver Deposits of Nevada: NBMG Bull. 41Burgess, 1911, The Halogen Salts of Silver and assoc. minerals at Tonopah; Econ. Geol. v. 6, p. 21Spurr, J.E., 1905, Geology of the Tonopah Mining District: USGS Prof. Paper 42, p. 184-188.Carpenter, J. A, et al., 1953, History of Fifty Years of Mining at Tonopah: NBMG Bull. 51.The Mining Record, November 25, 1981Long, K.R., DeYoung, J.H., Jr., and Ludington, S.D., 1998, Database of significant deposits of gold, silver, copper, lead, and zinc in the United States; Part A, Database description and analysis; part B, Digital database: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-206, 33 p., one 3.5 inch diskette.Lemmon, D.M., Unpublished Data.Lemmon, D.M., and Tweto, O.L., 1962, Tungsten in the U.S., USGS Map, MR-25.Shawn Hall, A History of Tonopah, at: website: http://www.tonopahnevada.com/history.htm